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Specialist Notes
"The ancient philosophers write that man is composed of the four elements and it truly seems that our constitution confirms it, since in us there are the four humors, which represent the four elements, cholera the fire, blood, air, phlegm, water, melancholy, earth. Hence it is a bad thing for man, and too unworthy of him, not to be able to reason about those parts of which he is composed. Which has moved me to collect and disseminate, for common knowledge, in the Italian vernacular what has been discussed by the most learned philosophers on this subject in various books, leaving aside the superfluous things, and choosing the most worthy of being understood, with that brevity and clarity that I knew was greater." (c.IIII r).
He goes on to talk about elements with particular attention to stars, comets, the Milky Way etc. An informative essay by Paolo Manutius to be rediscovered.
The work reviews what ancient philosophers said about the four elements that constituted the material universe: fire, air, water and earth. Starting with Plato and Aristotle and continuing with quotes from Galen, Democritus, and other Greek thinkers, Manutius describes in detail the perceived effects of the elements on man's bodily humors. Air, for example, is connected to blood and water to phlegm. This 1557 edition is the only work in the vernacular of a useful codification of classical thought on a topic dear to Renaissance authors.